As both the U.S. and Iran have climbed the escalation ladder, the Strait of Hormuz — and with it, international maritime trade and energy markets — has been subjected to a consequential chokehold. As the U.S. conducts strikes on major infrastructural sites, weapons depots, and Iranian political leadership, one of
In test environments, medical AI systems have begun to show early signs of the ability to learn during use from feedback they or other models generate. The FDA, through its Predetermined Change Control Plan (PCCP), already has a governance mechanism in place that preauthorizes future updates to medical AI systems
Long before the invention of cyberspace, deterrence guarded the U.S. against attack by promising to retaliate in kind against any nation that struck American territory. The Cold War concept of mutually assured destruction may not have been sophisticated, but it was effective at discouraging nuclear conflict with the United States.
The Trump administration has made confronting drug cartels a central national security priority, designating the largest Mexican networks as Foreign Terrorist Organizations and dedicating significant resources toward securing the Americas. But those organizations are not confined to the Western Hemisphere. Mexican-linked methamphetamine production has emerged in Africa, first surfacing in
Country of Origin Iran Threat Actor Type State-sponsored Other Names Hydro Kitten, Storm-0784, APT Iran, Bauxite, Mr. Soul, Soldiers of Solomon, UNC5691, and Shahid Kaveh Group Year Identified 2020 Target Countries United States, Israel, United Kingdom, and Ireland Profile Summary CyberAv3ngers, also tracked as Hydro Kitten, Storm-0784, APT Iran, Bauxite,
Key Takeaways The UK proposes to block social media platforms for individuals under the age of 16 starting in the spring of 2027. The proposed ban will initiate stronger online boundaries for children, along with tougher controls on contact with strangers. Privacy campaigners assert this ban will create more challenges
Since the beginning of Operation Epic Fury, the United States spent about forty days in major combat operations against the Republic of Iran, followed by just over ninety days of a fragile ceasefire framework and attempted negotiations, punctuated by intermittent kinetic operations. As Iranian attacks on commercial ships in the
Country of Origin China Threat Actor Type State-sponsored cyber espionage group Other Names Winnti, Barium, Blackfly, Wicked Panda, and Double Dragon Year Identified 2012 Target Countries United States, Canada, United Kingdom, Japan, South Korea, Singapore, Saudi Arabia, Mexico, and other countries worldwide. Profile Summary APT41, also known as Winnti, Barium,
Editor’s Note: This policy brief is Part II of an Orion Policy Institute (OPI) Transnational Crime Project (OPI-TCP) series and culminating report examining Venezuela’s transnational criminal networks, their regional security implications, and the evolving U.S. policy response. In November 2025, the United States designated the Cartel de los Soles (CDS)
The capture of Nicolás Maduro on January 3, 2026 marks a strategic inflection point for the United States and the first real stress test of the 2025 National Security Strategy (NSS) in the Western Hemisphere. More than the apprehension of a leader, Maduro’s removal forces Washington to reconcile competing strategic
Editor’s Note: This policy brief is Part I of an Orion Policy Institute (OPI) Transnational Crime Project (OPI-TCP) series and culminating report examining Venezuela’s transnational criminal networks, their regional security implications, and the evolving U.S. policy response. For years, U.S. policy toward Venezuela has fluctuated between sanctions, diplomacy, and public
This research article draws on in-depth interviews with Dr. Susanne Alldén, who is a senior lecturer in Peace and Development Studies at Linnaeus University in Sweden and has extensive field experience in conflict-affected regions, particularly in central and western Africa. She has also led and managed stabilization, peacebuilding, and gender
Post-quantum cryptography is typically framed as a problem in quantum computing. It is something to address once fault-tolerant machines arrive. So, this framing is still incomplete. Every scaled AI system today depends on encrypted data pipelines, protected model weights, and secure inference infrastructure. The cryptographic standards protecting that infrastructure are
Rather than an isolated diplomatic gesture, Israel’s decision to formally recognise the Republic of Somaliland constitutes a deliberate strategic intervention in the Horn of Africa. By extending recognition to a de facto sovereign entity that is not officially recognised, Israel has challenged long-standing international norms governing statehood, territorial integrity, and
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